What is
Random Access Memory (RAM)? What are it’s Types? Explain
Memory is an
area inside the computer where data and instructions are held. RAM is a “working
memory” or common memory of computer. RAM stands for random access memory. It is
also called as “user memory”, “temporary memory” in computer. It allows
simultaneous read and write operations. Data in memory survives as long as the
power is supplied. It is a memory which can be read and written to. It is the
memory which forgets everything when the power is switched off. RAM provides a faster data access time. A typical
personal computer has a RAM capacity of 1GB. The computer memory used for
temporary storage of data and program is called Random Access Memory.
- User can read from or write into any location in the RAM.
- It requires a steady flow of electricity to maintain its contents or data.
- The Volatile/temporary in nature (The memory which lost their content or data/program/instructions whenever the power is switched off).
- It is a type of computer memory that can be accessed with touching preceding bytes.
- It cost little high.
- They are available in small storage capacity
- Processing speed is high
- User defined programmed can be stored at any time.
Types of RAM
1. Static RAM
A static RAM retains stored data and programs as long as power supply is
on. It is a RAM whose cells are implemented by using flip-flop. It doesn’t need
to refresh. Static RAM is faster but bigger than dynamic RAM. It is more
expensive (Cost is high). It is made up of flip flops and it stores the bit as
a voltage.
- Speed is high
- Produce more heat
- Larger than DRAM
- SRAM is used for cache memory
Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
It loses the stored information in a very short time even though the
power supply is on. It is a RAM whose cells are implemented by using capacitor.
Cost of DRAM is less (low price). It is made up of transistors and logic gates,
and stores the bit as a charge.
- Speed is lower SRAM
- Produce less heat
- Smaller than SRAM
- Requires typically refreshing circuit
- Exhibits compactness
- A typical DRAM cell minimum refresh rate is once.
- DRAM is used for main memory
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